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目的了解石嘴山市尘肺的发病情况,为尘肺的预防控制提供科学依据。方法 2013年2月使用SPSS 18.0软件对石嘴山市尘肺发病的种类、人群、时间和地区分布特征进行统计分析。结果 2012年石嘴山市尘肺新发病例147例,其中Ⅰ期99例、Ⅱ期33例、Ⅲ期15例,不同期别尘肺平均发病年龄的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同期别尘肺的接尘工龄的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病例种类为煤工尘肺84例(占57.14%)和矽肺63例(占42.86%),病例多分布在大武口区108例(占73.47%)和惠农区35例(占23.81%),以煤炭112例(占76.19%)和冶金30例(占20.41%)行业为主,尘肺发病年龄主要集中在35~和45~岁组,接尘工龄集中在10~29年。结论煤工尘肺和矽肺是石嘴山市尘肺防治的重点,应采取综合措施,减少尘肺的发生。
Objective To understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Shizuishan and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis. Methods In February 2013, SPSS 18.0 software was used to analyze the types, population, time and geographical distribution of pneumoconiosis in Shizuishan. Results A total of 147 new cases of pneumoconiosis were detected in Shizuishan City in 2012, of which 99 cases were stage Ⅰ, 33 cases were stage Ⅱ and 15 cases were stage Ⅲ. There was no significant difference in the average age of pneumoconiosis between different stages (P> 0.05) There was no significant difference in the occupational age of pneumoconiosis (P> 0.05). There were 84 cases (57.14%) of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and 63 cases (42.86%) of silicosis, with 108 cases (73.47%) in Da Wu Wu area and 35 cases (23.81%) in Huinong district 112 cases of coal (accounting for 76.19%) and 30 cases of metallurgy (accounting for 20.41%). The age of pneumoconiosis mainly concentrated in the groups of 35 and 45 years old, and the dust-collecting seniority concentrated in 10 to 29 years. Conclusion Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and silicosis are the focus of prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in Shizuishan City. Comprehensive measures should be taken to reduce the occurrence of pneumoconiosis.