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目的了解齐齐哈尔市依安县4~6年级留守儿童心理发展及教育现况,为政府制定相关政策及开展农村留守儿童健康干预提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取依安县2所小学360名学生,其中农村留守与非留守儿童按1∶1选取,采用自编问卷对其进行调查。结果收集齐齐哈尔市依安县4~6年级留守与非留守儿童180对。心理健康状况:留守儿童与非留守儿童在遇到困难告诉谁、父母不在家的心情、身边好友个数及了解留守儿童与否问题上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);学习教育状况:留守儿童与非留守儿童在与父母间关系、放学回家做的第一件事、在校成绩及是否参加补习班问题上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论齐齐哈尔市依安县农村留守儿童在心理和教育方面受到严重忽视。
Objective To understand the psychological development and educational status of left-behind children aged 4 ~ 6 in Yi’an County, Qiqihar City, and to provide scientific evidence for the government to formulate policies and carry out health intervention for left-behind children in rural areas. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to extract 360 students from 2 primary schools in Yi’an County. Among them, left-behind children and non-left-behind children were selected according to 1: 1 ratio, and self-compiled questionnaires were used to investigate them. Results 180 pairs of left-behind and left-behind children aged 4 to 6 in Yi’an County, Qiqihar City were collected. Mental health status: Left-behind children and non-left-behind children told them who had difficulties, who were not at home, the number of close friends and the number of left-behind children (P <0.01). The status of study and education : The difference between left-behind children and non-left-behind children in relation to parents, the first thing to go home from school, the school grades and whether to attend cram school were all statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Left-behind children in rural areas of Yi’an County in Qiqihar City are severely neglected in psychology and education.