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目的寻找聊城市乙脑暴露、发病的主要危险因素,了解疫苗接种等对人群发病的影响情况,提出我市改进乙脑防制工作的建议。方法采用1:2配比病例对照研究方法。利用描述流行病学方法对资料进行描述性分析,Coxregression模型进行条件Logistic回归分析分析。结果共调查病例31例,对照62例。单因素条件Logistic回归分析差异有统计学意义的因素有:家中是否安装纱门纱窗、家中有无盛放脏水容器、家中或周围有无猪或家禽、是否采取室内灭蚊措施、卫生状况、对预防接种的认识、其他疫苗的接种、居住位置7个因素。多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示,家中或周围有猪或家禽、卫生状况、室内灭蚊3个因素进入模型,差异有统计学意义。结论流行季节注意保持室内外环境卫生、消除蚊虫孳生地、加强个人防护,可有效防止乙脑病例的发生。另外仍应加强乙脑疫苗的免疫接种及查漏补种工作。
Objective To find out the main risk factors of JE exposure in Liaocheng City and to understand the influence of vaccination on the incidence of JE in our country and to put forward suggestions on how to improve JE prevention in Liaocheng. Methods 1: 2 ratio of case-control study. Using descriptive epidemiological methods to describe the data descriptively, Cox regression model was analyzed by conditional Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 31 cases were investigated and 62 cases were controlled. Univariate conditional logistic regression analysis of the statistically significant factors are: whether the installation of screens in the home, whether the house filled with dirty water containers, whether in the home or around the pig or poultry, whether to take indoor mosquito measures, health conditions, Awareness of vaccination, inoculation of other vaccines, and placement of seven factors. Multivariate conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that there were three factors including swine or poultry in or around the home, health status and indoor mosquito control, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion During the popular season, attention should be paid to maintaining the indoor and outdoor environmental hygiene, eliminating the breeding grounds for mosquitoes, strengthening personal protection and effectively preventing the occurrence of JE cases. In addition, the immunization of JE vaccine and the leak detection and replanting should still be strengthened.