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基于1961-2009年气象数据,利用区域旱涝指数Xi和Mann-Kendall气候突变检验法对陕西渭北旱塬的气候变化特征进行了分析。研究表明:气温以0.246℃/10a的速率呈现明显增温,气候呈暖干化趋势,且在1991年和1994年发生了变干旱和增温的突变。近49年来,出现了5年偏旱、3年大旱、2年重旱。干旱存在季节性差异,夏季和冬季干旱趋势减轻,春季和秋季干旱趋势增加。季节性连旱时有发生,冬春季连旱次数最多。夏季大旱和四季连旱是造成渭北旱塬严重干旱年份形成的重要原因。
Based on the meteorological data from 1961 to 2009, the climate change characteristics of Weibei dry-land in Shaanxi Province were analyzed by the regional drought / flood index Xi and Mann-Kendall climate mutation test. The results show that the temperature shows a significant warming trend at the rate of 0.246 ℃ / 10a, the climate is warm and dry, and the drought and warming mutations occurred in 1991 and 1994. In the past 49 years, there have been 5 years of partial drought, 3 years of drought and 2 years of severe drought. Droughts present seasonal differences with reduced summer and winter droughts and increased spring and autumn droughts. Occurred seasonal seasonal drought, winter and spring even the most drought. The summer drought and the continuous drought in four seasons are the important reasons for the formation of severe drought year in the Weibei arid plateau.