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更严格的排放法规不仅要求更高的系统性能(诸如喷射压力的提高以及每燃烧循环喷射次数的增加),还对与燃烧有关的燃油喷射系统及部件的质量水平提出更高的要求,而运营者对于延长大修期的普遍要求又进一步增强了这一趋势。这种趋势在系统早期开发阶段已经加以考虑,而在以后的设计、生产以及使用期内,也必须加以重视。本文介绍的功率范围为500kW~20MW的模块式DUARAIL系统既包括使用柴油和重油的发动机,也包括使用微量引喷的气体燃料发动机。这种电子控制的燃料喷射系统是为满足高性能要求而与发动机制造厂和最终用户密切合作开发的。为避免产生与设计有关的故障或使性能受限,主要零部件均基于有限元法的应力和温度分析以及流体动力学模拟来进行设计。喷射系统和部件经过大量试验优化,并通过累计几万小时的耐久试验进行验证。在专门的磨损试验中,在各种液压和热状态下对磨损随时间的变化规律进行了分析。为确认其在实际条件下的功能和耐久性,在最终产品出厂之前,喷射系统先在试验机上运行。随着发动机部件的磨损,运行参数会逐步改变。为避免喷射参数在大修间隔时间的末期超过其相应的允许值,对部件设计、材料组合和工艺均进行相应的选择,并通过耐久试验对预期性能进行预测和验证,由此获取的信息可用于延长大修期以及用于发动机状态修。正常运行和总的耐久性以及稳定性的先决条件是良好的零部件清洁度以及在严格控制的高清洁度标准条件下的组装。因此,所有新的和经过整修的高压泵和喷油器的组装和校准工作均在清洁的室内设备上进行。基于以上原则,有关运行技术条件、维修和大修期的要求均被最大限度地满足。
More stringent emissions regulations require not only higher system performance (such as increased injection pressure and increased number of injections per combustion cycle), but also higher requirements for the quality levels of combustion related fuel injection systems and components, while operating This trend is further reinforced by the general requirement of extending the overhaul period. This trend has been taken into account during the early stages of system development, and must be taken into account in future design, production, and end-of-life periods. This article describes a modular DUARAIL system with a power range of 500kW to 20MW that includes both diesel and heavy oil powered engines as well as gaseous fuel engines that use a small pilot. This electronically controlled fuel injection system was developed in close cooperation with engine manufacturers and end users to meet high performance requirements. To avoid design-related failures or to limit performance, key components are designed based on finite element stress and temperature analysis and fluid dynamics simulations. Injection systems and components have been extensively tested and optimized for durability through cumulative tens of thousands of hours of testing. In a special wear test, under various conditions of hydraulic and thermal wear changes over time were analyzed. In order to confirm its function and durability under actual conditions, the injection system is operated on the testing machine before the final product is shipped. With the wear and tear of the engine components, operating parameters will gradually change. In order to prevent the injection parameters from exceeding their respective permissible values at the end of the overhaul interval, the design of the components, material combinations and workmanship are selected accordingly and the expected performance is predicted and verified by endurance testing. The information thus obtained can be used Extended overhaul and for engine condition repair. Prerequisites for proper operation and overall durability and stability are good component cleanliness and assembly under tightly controlled high cleanliness standards. Therefore, all new and refurbished high pressure pumps and injectors are assembled and calibrated on clean indoor equipment. Based on the above principles, the requirements for operating technical conditions, repairs and overhauls are all satisfied to the greatest extent.