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由于大多数金属和合金在断裂前或断裂过程都产生可观的范性形变,宏观断裂力学在金属及合金中应用时受到了一系列限制。物理冶金及材料科学工作者早就注意到断裂的微观过程研究,尽管这一进程颇为迂回曲折,但目前确已显示解决的希望。由于金属材料是工业上应用最广的一类材料,所以工作大多集中在它们身上。值得指出,高分子、陶瓷及复合材料的断裂微观过程的研究也有许多突破。当然,要了解金属材料的断
Macroscopic fracture mechanics has been subject to a number of limitations in its use in metals and alloys, as most metals and alloys produce considerable normal deformation before or during fracture. Physical metallurgy and materials science workers have long been aware of the microscopic process of fracture research, although the process is rather tortuous, but now has shown the hope of solution. Since metal materials are the most widely used type of material in industry, most of the work is focused on them. It is worth noting that there are many breakthroughs in the study of fracture microscopic processes of polymers, ceramics and composites. Of course, to understand the broken metal