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为明确土壤环境对大豆疫霉Phytophthora sojae卵孢子萌动的影响,将增强型绿色荧光蛋白标记的大豆疫霉卵孢子以2 500个卵孢子/g干土的比例接种于无菌黑土中,荧光显微镜下计数卵孢子的萌动率以明确其最适宜的土壤温度和含水量;在此基础上,从5种类型土壤和5种轮作体系土壤中筛选适宜卵孢子萌动的土壤环境。结果表明,25℃土壤温度和30%土壤含水量最适合大豆疫霉卵孢子萌动,萌动率为95.78%;黑土和盐碱土分别是最适合和最不适合卵孢子萌动的土壤类型,萌动率分别为94.94%和14.67%;卵孢子萌动率与土壤有机质含量、p H值和Ca2+含量间无明显相关性。大豆连作田和玉米连作田土壤适合卵孢子萌动,萌动率为96.33%和95.00%,小麦连作田土壤不适合卵孢子萌动,萌动率仅为39.33%。
In order to clarify the effect of soil environment on the spore germination of Phytophthora sojae, the enhanced green fluorescent protein-labeled Phytophthora sojae was inoculated into sterile black soil at the ratio of 2 500 oospores / g dry soil. The fluorescence microscopy Next, the germination rate of oospores was counted to find out the most suitable soil temperature and water content. On this basis, five kinds of soils and five kinds of rotation system soils were selected to germinate soil environment suitable for oospores. The results showed that 25 ℃ soil temperature and 30% soil water content were the most suitable for spore germination of Phytophthora sojae, the germination rate was 95.78%. Black soil and saline-alkali soil were the most suitable and least suitable soil types for spore germination. 94.94% and 14.67% respectively. There was no significant correlation between the spore germination rate and soil organic matter content, p H value and Ca 2+ content. Soybean continuous cropping and maize continuous cropping soil were suitable for germination of oospores with the germination rates of 96.33% and 95.00%, respectively. The soil of wheat cropping fields was not suitable for germination of oospores, and the germination rate was only 39.33%.