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新线虫和异小杆线虫都是昆虫病原线虫。近年来,被认为是一类很有希望的害虫生物防治因子。Khan et al(1976),Thomas and Poinar(1977,1979)先后从异小杆线虫分离出一种产色素的具生物发光的细菌,这些细菌栖息于线虫的咽、肠腔与线虫共生。当异小杆线虫侵入昆虫寄主时,把细菌从肛门排出释放到昆虫的血腔,由于细菌的增殖,在24～48小时内,致使昆虫因败血症而死亡。因此,在应用线虫防治昆虫中,共生菌起着重要的作用。实验证明,共生菌对线虫的繁殖和发育也是必需的,它能转化昆虫的物质为线虫所需要的营养。因此分离和培养共生菌对大量繁殖线虫,尤其以人工饲料工厂化生产线虫以用于大田时更有着重要的实践和经济意义。本文报导了首次从我国广东阳江(8204,8401菌株)、海南岛琼中(8405菌株)发现的异小杆线虫的共生菌的分离和鉴定,并对其致病性作了测定。
Nematodes and Skeletonema are insect pathogenic nematodes. In recent years, it is considered as a promising biological pest control factor. Khan et al. (1976), Thomas and Poinar (1977, 1979) successively isolated a pigmented bioluminescent bacterium from C. elegans. These bacteria inhabit the nematode pharynx, which coexists with nematodes. When the albite nematodes invade the insect host, the bacteria are released from the anus to the blood cavity of the insect, and due to the proliferation of the bacteria, the insects die of sepsis within 24 to 48 hours. Therefore, commensal bacteria play an important role in the application of nematode to control insects. Experiments show that commensal bacteria is also necessary for the propagation and development of nematodes, which can transform insects’ substances into the nutrients needed by nematodes. Therefore, separation and cultivation of symbiotic bacteria for large numbers of breeding nematodes, especially artificial insecticide production plant nematodes for the field when more important and practical significance. This article reports the isolation and identification of the commensal bacteria of the first time, which is found from Yangjiang (8204,8401 strain) in Guangdong province and Qiongzhong (8405 strain) in Hainan Island, and the pathogenicity was determined.