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【目的】对克拉玛依农业开发区的1.13×104hm2(17万亩)168块条田进行土壤养分现状调查及评价,提出改良培肥措施。【方法】在新垦区内采集耕层土壤样品,采用《土壤农业化学常规分析方法》[1]、《新疆土壤分析方法标准》[2]分析土壤中大量养分和微量元素含量,并进行土壤养分现状评价和分级。【结果】大量元素中含量较低的有全氮、有机质、速效钾占到样本总数的70.70%～89.48%,含量极低的元素有速效氮、速效磷占到样本总数的35.91%～55.24%;微量元素中有效铁含量属较高水平,占到样本总数71.43%,有效铜含量属中等水平,占样本总数的96.43%,有效锌、有效硼、有效锰含量很低,占总样本数的89.29%～100%,达到稀缺程度。【结论】克拉玛依新垦土壤培肥地力的施肥措施,应遵循有机肥与无机肥配施,大量元素与微量元素相结合的原则。
【Objective】 The current status of soil nutrient status of 1.13 × 104hm2 (17 million mu) of 168 fields in Karamay Agricultural Development Zone was investigated and evaluated, and the improved fertilization measures were put forward. 【Method】 Tillage soil samples were collected in the new reclamation area. The contents of a large amount of nutrients and trace elements in soils were analyzed by the routine analytical methods of agrochemicals in soil [1] and the standard of soil analysis method in Xinjiang [2] Status assessment and grading. 【Result】 Total nitrogen, organic matter and quick-acting potassium accounted for 70.70% ~ 89.48% of the total samples, while those with very low contents had available nitrogen. The available phosphorus accounted for 35.91% ~ 55.24% of the total samples, ; Trace elements in the effective iron content is a high level, accounting for 71.43% of the total sample, the effective copper content is moderate, accounting for 96.43% of the total sample, effective zinc, available boron, effective manganese content is very low, accounting for the total number of samples 89.29% ~ 100%, reached the scarcity level. 【Conclusion】 The fertilization measures of soil fertility in Kelamayi new reclamation should follow the principle of combination of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer and the combination of a large number of elements and trace elements.