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我们都知道核爆炸、核泄漏会对人的健康造成可怕的影响,但除了这些核灾难,在我们生活中,低于安全标准的辐射剂量可能也会积少成多,最终酿成大祸。辐射危害是不定时的炸弹传统观点认为,当一个细胞接受了电离辐射后,它要么死亡,要么带着受损的DNA继续存活。如果受损DNA无法被细胞的修复酶修复,那么它所分裂形成的新细胞也会带着同样的DNA缺陷。有的缺陷可能造成细胞无止境地分裂,并最终导致癌症。而现在,一些科学家却提出了第三种可能性,那就是细胞既没有死去,也没有立即出现DNA损伤,而是变得不稳定。
We all know that nuclear explosions and nuclear leaks can have terrible effects on human health. But apart from these nuclear catastrophes, radiation doses below our safety standards in our lives may also add up and eventually lead to catastrophe. Radiation hazards are occasional bombs The conventional wisdom is that when a cell is exposed to ionizing radiation, it either dies or survives with damaged DNA. If the damaged DNA is not repaired by the cell’s repair enzyme, the new cells it splits will carry the same DNA defects. Some defects may cause cells to divide indefinitely and eventually lead to cancer. Now, however, some scientists have come up with a third possibility that the cells either die without immediate DNA damage but become unstable.