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为探寻四川东北地区套作大豆的最适宜播期,设置6月5日、6月15日、6月25日、7月5日、7月15日、7月25日6个播期,选用套作高蛋白专用大豆品种南豆12和南夏豆25,在大田试验下研究其在玉米-大豆带状套作模式下的生育进程、农艺性状、产量及品质表现,结果表明:随着播期的推迟,大豆营养生长期(V)、生殖生长期(R)和全生育期均逐渐缩短,R/V增加,且播期的改变对南豆12生育期构成的影响明显大于南夏豆25;株高降低,茎粗减小,分枝数、主茎节数和完整粒率下降,经济系数减小,空荚率上升;各处理下南豆12和南夏豆25产量和蛋白质含量以6月15日表现最好,产量分别为2 172.6和2 539.7 kg·hm-2,蛋白质含量分别为49.1%和47.8%;6月25日次之。由此可见,四川东北地区套作高蛋白大豆的适宜播期为6月中旬和下旬。
In order to explore the most suitable sowing date for soybean in northeastern Sichuan, six sowing dates were set up on June 5, June 15, June 25, July 5, July 15 and July 25, Nong Dou 12 and Nan Xia Dou 25, which are high-protein special soybean varieties, were used to study their growth progress, agronomic traits, yield and quality under the field experiment of corn-soybean intercropping system. The results showed that with the sowing date (V), reproductive growth (R) and whole growth period of soybean were all shortened and R / V increased, and the effect of sowing date on the composition of Nandou 12 was significantly greater than that of Nanxudu 25; the plant height decreased, the stem diameter decreased, the number of branches, the number of main stems and the percentage of intact grains decreased, the economic coefficient decreased and the rate of empty pods increased. The yield and protein content of Nandou 12 and Nanxudou 25 June 15 was the best, with yields of 2 172.6 and 2 539.7 kg · hm-2, respectively. The protein contents were 49.1% and 47.8% respectively, followed by June 25. Thus, the appropriate sowing date for sowing high-protein soybeans in northeastern Sichuan is mid-June and late June.