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【目的】了解昌平区5岁以下儿童死亡率及死因顺位情况,为制定相关干预措施提供依据。【方法】对1992~2006年昌平区5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行整理分析。【结果】1992~2006年15年间5岁以下儿童死亡率呈现出波浪式下降趋势,婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的81.84‰,新生儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的63.68‰。5岁以下儿童死因顺位前四位依次是先天性心脏病、出生窒息、早产低体重、肺炎。【结论】普及健康教育知识,避免和减少孕产妇早期接触有毒有害物质,提高产、儿科的新生儿窒息复苏技术,是降低5岁以下儿童死亡的重要措施。
【Objective】 To understand the prevalence of death and cause of death among children under 5 years of age in Changping District and provide the basis for making relevant interventions. 【Methods】 Data of death monitoring of children under 5 years old in Changping District from 1992 to 2006 were analyzed. 【Results】 The mortality rate of children under 5 years showed a declining trend in the 15 years from 1992 to 2006. Infant deaths accounted for 81.84% of the total deaths of children under 5 years of age. Neonatal deaths accounted for 63.68% of deaths of children under 5 years of age. The top four causes of death among children under 5 years of age were congenital heart disease, asphyxia at birth, premature birth, low birth weight and pneumonia. 【Conclusion】 It is an important measure to reduce the death of children under 5 years of age by popularizing knowledge of health education, avoiding and reducing maternal exposure to poisonous and harmful substances in the early stage, and improving neonatal asphyxia recovery techniques in both birth and pediatrics.