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目的探讨庆大霉素雾化吸入对呼吸系统症状咳嗽、痰多和气喘的保护作用。方法①镇咳实验:取小鼠随机分为庆大霉素组、咳特灵组和对照组,然后分别以浓氨水和枸橼酸诱导法造成小鼠和豚鼠急性咳嗽模型;②祛痰实验:取小鼠随机分为庆大霉素组、远志组和对照组,采用气管段酚红排泄法;③平喘实验:实验时取预选合格的豚鼠,随机分为庆大霉素组、氨茶碱组和对照组,然后采用组胺和乙酰胆碱混合液雾化法及离体肺灌流法。观察庆大霉素连续雾化3次,每次10 min,对上述实验的影响。结果庆大霉素雾化吸入可以延长小鼠因氨水所致的咳嗽潜伏期及因枸橼酸所致豚鼠的咳嗽潜伏期,同时减少咳嗽次数,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);并能增加小鼠气管酚红的排泄量,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);还能对抗组织胺引发的豚鼠支气管收缩,增加肺泡灌流量,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论庆大霉素雾化吸入有明显的镇咳、祛痰和平喘作用,同时具有起效快、药物用量小和副作用小等优点。
Objective To investigate the protective effect of gentamycin inhalation on respiratory symptoms cough, phlegm and asthma. Methods ① antitussive experiment: mice were randomly divided into gentamicin group, coughling group and control group, and then induced by concentrated ammonia water and citric acid induced acute cough model mice and guinea pigs; ② expectorant test : Mice were randomly divided into gentamicin group, Polygalaceae group and control group, the use of tracheal phenol red excretion; ③ asthma experiment: pre-selected eligible guinea pigs were randomly divided into gentamicin group, ammonia Theophylline group and the control group, and then using histamine and acetylcholine mixture atomization and ex vivo pulmonary perfusion method. Observed gentamicin continuous atomization 3 times, each 10 min, the impact of these experiments. Results Inhalation of gentamicin could prolong the latent period of cough caused by ammonia in mice and cough latency of guinea pigs induced by citric acid, and reduce the number of coughs. The difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (P <0.05, P <0.01), and increased the excretion of phenol red in the trachea of mice compared with the control group (P <0.01). It also antagonized the bronchoconstriction induced by histamine in guinea pigs and increased the volume of alveolar perfusion. Compared with the control The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Gentamicin inhalation has obvious antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic effects, at the same time has the advantages of fast onset, small dosage and side effects.