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目的探索中链脂肪酸(MCFAs)降低小鼠血胆固醇的作用机制是促进粪便的胆固醇排泄。方法将C57BL/6J小鼠建造高胆固醇血症模型后,按血清总胆固醇(TC)水平随机分4组,分别用含2%的辛酸(C8:0)、癸酸(C10:0)、棕榈酸(C16:0)或硬脂酸(C18:0)的高胆固醇饲料喂养12周。分别在实验开始和结束时检测血脂及脂蛋白相关指标,采用气-质联用法检测其3 d粪便中的中性固醇含量。结果 C8:0和C10:0组体重、TC和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)均显著低于C16:0和C18:0组,C8:0组的粪便胆固醇排泄量及中性固醇排泄总量均显著高于C16:0和C18:0组。结论 MCFAs能促进小鼠粪便中胆固醇的排泄,降低TC和LDL-C水平,改善胆固醇代谢。
Objective To explore the mechanism by which medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) reduce blood cholesterol in mice to promote excretion of cholesterol in feces. Methods The model of hypercholesterolemia was established in C57BL / 6J mice. The levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) were divided into four groups according to their serum levels of 2% octanoic acid (C8: 0), decanoic acid (C10: Cholesterol diet with acid (C16: 0) or stearic acid (C18: 0) was fed for 12 weeks. Blood lipids and lipoprotein related indexes were measured at the beginning and the end of the experiment, respectively, and the levels of neutral sterols in the stools for 3 d were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results The body weight, TC and LDL-C in C8: 0 and C10: 0 groups were significantly lower than those in C16: 0 and C18: 0 groups. The excretion of fecal cholesterol and the activity of neutral sterols Total excretion was significantly higher than the C16: 0 and C18: 0 groups. Conclusion MCFAs can promote the excretion of cholesterol in feces of mice, reduce the levels of TC and LDL-C and improve the metabolism of cholesterol.