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单模光纤能够维持两正交偏振的简并模,在光纤的形状为严格的圆柱形和材料为各向同性的理想条件下,两正交的模式之间不会发生耦合;但对实际的光纤,由于形状略偏离圆柱形以及材料各向异性的微小起伏,破坏了模式简并,导致了两偏振态的混合,产生了光纤双折射现象.由于光纤双折射现象的存在,在光纤里传输的孤子之间产生了相互作用,可能形成束缚孤子态.双折射光纤中光孤子之间的相互作用,必然导致光孤子通信系统传输速率的下降和误码的产生.如何控制孤子之间的相互作用,已成为光孤子通信系统必需解决的重要
The single-mode optical fiber can maintain the degenerate mode with two orthogonal polarizations. Under ideal conditions that the shape of the optical fiber is strictly cylindrical and the material is isotropic, no coupling occurs between the two orthogonal modes; however, Optical fibers, due to slight deviations in shape from the cylindrical shape and material anisotropy, undermine the mode degeneracy, resulting in a mixture of the two polarizations, resulting in birefringence of the fiber, which is propagated through the fiber due to the birefringence of the fiber Of the solitons, which may lead to the formation of tethered soliton states.The interaction between optical solitons in the birefringent fiber will inevitably lead to the decrease of the transmission rate and the generation of error codes in the optical soliton communication system.How to control the interaction between solitons Role, has become an important soliton communication system must be addressed