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目的了解张家港市中小学生对艾滋病、乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)和结核病的防治知识、态度和行为情况,为制定完善学校健康教育策略措施提供依据。方法根据文献设计调查问卷,在城区和镇区选择高中、初中、小学各1所,随机抽取每校四年级到高二年级各1个班级学生进行问卷调查,统计分析结核病、乙肝、艾滋病相关防治知识的知晓率。结果调查对象的结核病8条核心知识、乙肝13条要点知识、艾滋病8条核心知识的总知晓率分别是81.56%、82.48%和87.56%;在调查问卷所涉及的55条知识中,有7条知识的知晓率低于60%。结论需进一步加大学校健康教育与健康促进,积极采取有效干预策略与措施,重点加强艾滋病、乙肝、结核病等重大传染病传播途径、防控要点的宣传普及,帮助他们从小养成良好习惯,建立健康生活方式,减少学生时代和成年后的传染病感染风险。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of primary and secondary school students in prevention and control of AIDS, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and tuberculosis in Zhangjiagang City and provide the basis for formulating and improving the strategies and measures for health education in schools. Methods According to the literature design questionnaire, one high school, junior middle school and primary school were selected in urban area and town area respectively. One class of students from the fourth grade to the second grade of each school were randomly selected for questionnaire survey. Statistical analysis was made on the knowledge of tuberculosis, hepatitis B and AIDS prevention and control The awareness rate. Results The total awareness rates of 8 core knowledge, 13 essential knowledge of hepatitis B and 8 core knowledge of AIDS were 81.56%, 82.48% and 87.56%, respectively. Among the 55 knowledge involved in the questionnaire, 7 Knowledge awareness is less than 60%. Conclusions It is necessary to further increase the health education and health promotion in schools and actively adopt effective intervention strategies and measures. Emphasis should be laid on strengthening the ways of transmission of major infectious diseases such as AIDS, hepatitis B and tuberculosis, and preventing and controlling publicity and dissemination of key points so as to help them develop good habits and establish good habits Healthy lifestyle, reducing the risk of infectious disease in student life and adulthood.