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德里达的《巴别塔》一文围绕着“巴别”既指“变乱”又是上帝自己的名字这个阐释困境,集中讨论了翻译过程中语言本义流失的问题。德里达认为,上帝通过“巴别”的命名,一方面是摧毁了犹太人创建世界语言的意图;另一方面也在巴别塔的消解中迫使犹太人屈从翻译的规律。但翻译既是势在必然,又是不可能的行为。德里达引用本雅明《翻译家的任务》一文,说明翻译有似一种债务,它同接受、交流和再现都没有关系;而说到底翻译就是阐释,翻译之不可能,一如一劳永逸的阐释之不可能;翻译之必须,也一如文字非经解读无以达意的阐释之必须。但是说到底,翻译是承诺了一个不同语言彼此妥协的王国,构成一个更伟大整体的两个有机组成部分。
Derrida’s “Tower of Babel” revolves around the interpretative predicament that “Babel” refers to both “Disorder” and God’s own name, and focuses on the problem of the loss of the original meaning of language in the process of translation. In Derrida’s opinion, God’s name through “Babel”, on the one hand, destroyed the intention of the Jews to create a world language; on the other, he forced the Jews to submit to the law of translation in the dissolution of Babel. However, translation is both inevitable and impossible. Derrida cites Benjamin’s Translator’s Task, which shows that translation has a debt that is not related to accepting, exchanging and reproducing. In the final analysis, translation is an interpretation and an impossibility of translation, as once and for all. Impossible; translation must, but also, as the text is not interpretation of meaningless interpretations necessary. But at the end of the translation, translation is a kingdom that promises a different language to compromise with one another, forming two organic components of a greater whole.