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目的了解天津市公务员吸烟现况,以及吸烟者尼古丁依赖的状况,为今后制定控烟政策和相应干预措施提供科学参考依据。方法于2011年2-3月,采用整群抽样的方法,抽取天津市公务员人群共2 400人。采用自填式结构问卷调查方法,对公务员吸烟情况、尼古丁依赖状况等方面进行调查。结果天津市公务员总吸烟率为37.2%,男性吸烟率50.2%,女性吸烟率4.1%;中年人吸烟率(53.0%)远高于青年(30.7%)和老年人(20.0%);文化程度越低吸烟率越高,初中及以下人群的吸烟率高达53.5%。吸烟者尼古丁依赖评测量表的平均得分为(4.622.12)分;中年吸烟者尼古丁依赖严重,平均得分为(5.01±2.66)分;受教育程度低、开始吸烟年龄小、家庭或工作场所对吸烟没有限制、吸烟频率高的吸烟者,尼古丁依赖程度较严重。患有慢性病的吸烟人群的尼古丁依赖程度要高于非慢性病患者。结论天津市公务员吸烟现况及尼古丁依赖状况不容乐观;采用尼古丁依赖评测量表定量分析公务员吸烟者的尼古丁依赖程度,有助于进一步采取针对性措施,开展健康干预。
Objective To understand the smoking status of civil servants in Tianjin and the status of nicotine dependence in smokers so as to provide scientific reference for formulating tobacco control policies and corresponding interventions in the future. Methods From February to March 2011, a total of 2 400 civil servants in Tianjin were recruited by cluster sampling method. Using self-contained structural questionnaire survey, civil servants smoking, nicotine dependence and other aspects of the investigation. Results The total smoking rate of civil servants in Tianjin was 37.2%, male smoking rate was 50.2% and female smoking rate was 4.1%. Middle-aged smoking rate was 53.0% higher than that of youth (30.7%) and elderly (20.0%). The lower the smoking rate, the higher the smoking rate among junior middle school students and below is 53.5%. The average score of nicotine dependence assessment scale for smokers was (4.622.12) points; middle-aged smokers were heavily dependent on nicotine, with an average score of (5.01 ± 2.66) points; those with low education level and those who started smoking were younger, family or work place No restrictions on smoking, smoking high frequency of smokers, nicotine dependence is more serious. Nicotine dependence is higher in smokers with chronic illnesses than in non-chronic illnesses. Conclusions Smoking prevalence and dependence of nicotine in civil servants in Tianjin are not optimistic. Using the nicotine dependence assessment scale to quantitatively analyze nicotine dependency of civil servants is helpful to further take targeted measures to carry out health intervention.