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目的了解2010-2014年湖北省疟疾流行特征,为制订和调整全省消除疟疾策略和措施提供参考依据。方法收集2010-2014年中国疾病预防控制信息系统网络报告中湖北省疟疾病例资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析2010-2014年湖北省网络报告疟疾病例的流行病学特征。结果 2010-2014年湖北省共报告疟疾病例997例,其中间日疟618例、恶性疟352例、卵形疟18例、三日疟9例;本地疟疾病例479例,输入性疟疾病例518例。自2013年起无本地感染病例;输入性疟疾病例数逐年上升,其中以输入性恶性疟病例数上升更为明显。81.85%的病例分布在襄阳、武汉、孝感、宜昌、荆门和随州6个市;男性病例810例,女性187例,男女性别比为4.33∶1。本地疟疾发病以40~69岁居多,占本地病例总数的78.29%(375/479);输入性疟疾发病以20~49岁居多,占输入性病例总数的88.22%(457/518)。本地疟疾病例中,职业以农民为主(67.01%);输入疟疾病例中,职业以工人、民工和农民为主(63.90%)。结论湖北省本地感染疟疾疫情已得到有效控制,初步实现消除疟疾目标;但输入性疟疾病例逐年增多,是目前全省疟疾防控工作的重点。
Objective To understand the characteristics of malaria epidemic in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014 and provide references for formulating and adjusting malaria elimination strategies and measures in the province. Methods The data of malaria cases in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014 were collected, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria cases reported from Hubei Province in 2010-2014. Results A total of 997 malaria cases were reported in Hubei province from 2010 to 2014, including 618 cases of Plasmodium falciparum, 352 cases of Plasmodium falciparum, 18 cases of Oval malaria and 9 cases of Plasmodium malaria; 479 cases of local malaria cases and 518 cases of imported malaria cases . No cases of local infection have been reported since 2013; the number of imported cases of malaria has been on the rise year by year, with the number of imported cases of falciparum malaria increasing even more significantly. 81.85% of the cases were found in 6 cities of Xiangyang, Wuhan, Xiaogan, Yichang, Jingmen and Suizhou. There were 810 males and 187 females with a sex ratio of 4.33:1. The incidence of local malaria was mostly between 40 and 69 years old, accounting for 78.29% (375/479) of the total number of local cases. The incidence of imported malaria was mostly between 20 and 49 years old, accounting for 88.22% (457/518) of the total number of imported cases. Among the local cases of malaria, the occupations are dominated by peasants (67.01%). Among the imported malaria cases, the occupations are dominated by workers, migrant workers and peasants (63.90%). Conclusion The epidemic situation of local malaria infection in Hubei Province has been effectively controlled and the goal of malaria elimination has been initially achieved. However, the number of imported malaria cases has been increasing year by year, which is the focus of malaria prevention and control in the whole province at present.