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目的评价福建省风疹类疫苗纳入免疫规划后的影响,为探讨风疹控制策略提供依据。方法对2008-2011年福建省风疹类疫苗接种数与风疹发病资料进行分析。结果 4年来风疹类疫苗基础免疫接种率分别为48.2%、77.4%、62.6%和98.9%;加强免疫接种率分别为7.8%、35.7%、96.2%和99.4%。2008-2011年风疹发病8 947例,年均发病率为6.08/10万,发病高峰4～6月,占全年病例数的70.0%。男女性别比为1.40∶1,发病主要集中在10～19岁青少年(64.8%),风疹暴发疫情均发生在中、小学。2009年风疹病例中,1～4岁构成比接种麻腮风疫苗地区低于接种麻腮疫苗地区,2011年2～4岁儿童风疹发病率接种麻腮风疫苗地区低于接种麻腮疫苗地区。结论风疹类疫苗纳入免疫规划是有效的,应进一步加强风疹类疫苗免疫,完善风疹监测系统。
Objective To evaluate the impact of rubella vaccine in Fujian Province on the immunization planning and to provide basis for exploring the rubella control strategy. Methods The incidences of rubella vaccination and rubella in Fujian Province during 2008-2011 were analyzed. Results The basic immunization rates of rubella vaccine were 48.2%, 77.4%, 62.6% and 98.9% respectively over the past four years. The rates of intensive immunization were 7.8%, 35.7%, 96.2% and 99.4% respectively. From 2008 to 2011, 8 947 cases of rubella were reported, with an average annual incidence of 6.08 / 100 000 and a peak incidence of 4 to 6 months, accounting for 70.0% of the total number of cases. Male to female ratio was 1.40: 1, the incidence mainly concentrated in adolescents aged 10 to 19 (64.8%), outbreaks of rubella occurred in primary and secondary schools. In 2009, 1 to 4 years of rubella cases were lower than those in areas where MMR vaccine was vaccinated. In 2011, the incidence of rubella in children aged 2 to 4 years was lower than that in areas with MMR vaccine. Conclusion The inclusion of rubella vaccine into the immunization program is effective. Rubella vaccine should be further strengthened to improve the rubella monitoring system.