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由于储层非均质性具有分形特征 ,应用分形理论描述储层非均质性是最有效的工具之一。采用频谱分析将储层参数(孔隙度、渗透率、含油饱和度等 )进行分析 ,计算出 β和分形特征指数 H进行分形模型的识别。分形模型包括分数布朗(Brown)运动 (Fbm)和分数高斯 (Gauss)噪声 (Fgn)。其识别的定量标准是 ,当 1≤ β≤ 3时 ,数据序列为 Fbm;当 - 1≤ β≤1时 ,数据序列为 Fgn。识别出分形模型后 ,应用 R/S分析、方差分析和频谱分析求取 3个 H值 ,取其平均值以提高准确度。利用分形插值理论对储层参数进行分形插值模拟 ,得到储层参数的横向分布。
Due to fractal heterogeneity of reservoir, fractal theory is one of the most effective tools to describe reservoir heterogeneity. Using spectral analysis to analyze reservoir parameters (porosity, permeability, oil saturation, etc.), the fractal model of β and fractal characteristic index H is calculated. Fractal models include fractional Brownian motion (Fbm) and fractional Gaussian noise (Fgn). The quantitative criteria of its recognition is that when 1≤β≤3, the data sequence is Fbm; when -1≤β≤1, the data sequence is Fgn. After recognizing the fractal model, we apply R / S analysis, ANOVA and spectrum analysis to get three H values, and take the average to improve the accuracy. The fractal interpolation theory was used to simulate reservoir parameters and get the horizontal distribution of reservoir parameters.