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先天畸形是儿童中常见疾病之一,是死胎产生的主要原因。导致畸形的原因,除遗传因素外,尚有许多环境因素.为了提高人口质量,减少死胎、畸胎的出生率,本文将所查资料汇集起来,以供护理人员在孕产期护理时参考. 一、放射线 放射线能使胎儿畸形。以往认为需要大剂量照射才有致畸作用,但通过动物实验,发现5拉德就能导致小鼠畸形。曾有报道74例孕妇接受放射线治疗者、新生儿中畸形者17例,其中有小头、颅缺损、脊柱裂、肓、及四肢缺陷。畸形的性质决定于放射线剂量的大小和当时胚胎发育的时期。一般认为初孕三个月内照射对胎儿都有致畸的危险.
Congenital malformations are one of the common diseases in children and are the main causes of stillbirth. In addition to genetic factors, there are many environmental factors in order to improve the quality of population and reduce the birth rate of stillbirth and teratogenicity, the information collected in this paper, for the care of nurses during pregnancy reference. Radiation radiation can make the fetus deformity. In the past that the need for large doses of irradiation teratogenic effect, but through animal experiments found that 5 rad can cause deformities in mice. There have been 74 cases of pregnant women receiving radiation therapy, neonatal malformations in 17 cases, of which there are small heads, skull defects, spina bifida, gall bladder, and limb defects. The nature of the deformity depends on the size of the radiation dose and the period of embryonic development at that time. Generally believed that the first trimester of exposure to the fetus have a teratogenic risk.