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目的了解上海口岸入境人员肺结核病防治知识信念行为现状,为确定国境口岸肺结核健康教育模式提供科学依据。方法采用现场问卷调查方式,对在上海国际旅行卫生保健中心进行健康评估的境外人员进行调查,统计分析调查结果。结果本次调查回收有效问卷1 425份(其中男性占58.83%,女性占41.17%)。入境人员结核病知识总知晓率为58.84%。来自结核病高负担国家的境外人员在部分知识的知晓率(肺结核传播途径、早期发现病人和治疗病人好处、疑似肺结核患者在中国的最佳就诊医疗机构)和认为肺结核能治愈的信念上明显高于来自非结核病高负担国家的境外人员(P<0.05)。肺结核病知识及信念影响因素分析显示已婚、年收入较高、年龄>35岁者,肺结核病知识及相关信念得分较高(P<0.05)。信念得分和知识得分有关联性,相关系数r=0.261(P<0.05)。结论为了有效地预防和控制肺结核病在入境人群中的流行和传播,必须加强对这一人群肺结核病知识的宣传教育,以年轻人和低收入人群为重点,不能忽略来自非结核高负担国家的外籍人员,采取适合该人群特点的健康教育方式。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge and belief on tuberculosis prevention and control in entry ports of Shanghai and provide a scientific basis for determining the mode of tuberculosis health education at border crossings. Methods By means of on-the-spot questionnaire survey, overseas personnel who conducted health assessment in Shanghai International Travel Health Care Center were investigated and the results were statistically analyzed. Results The survey collected 1 425 valid questionnaires (58.83% for males and 41.17% for females). The total awareness of TB knowledge among inbound personnel was 58.84%. The level of awareness of some knowledge (the route of TB transmission, the benefits of early detection and treatment of patients, suspected TB patients in China’s best-visited medical institutions) and beliefs that tuberculosis can be cured were significantly higher among overseas TB-burdening countries Foreign staff from non-TB high-burden countries (P <0.05). Analysis of influencing factors of TB knowledge and beliefs showed that married persons with higher annual income and age> 35 years had a higher score of TB knowledge and related beliefs (P <0.05). Faith scores and knowledge scores are related, the correlation coefficient r = 0.261 (P <0.05). Conclusion In order to prevent and control the tuberculosis epidemic and its spread among the immigrants effectively, it is necessary to strengthen publicity and education about TB knowledge in this population. Focusing on young people and low-income groups, we can not ignore the Expatriates should adopt health education that suits the characteristics of this group of people.