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灾变不仅可以造成经济损失和人员伤亡,还会对人们心理、生态环境、社会机制及社会发展产生影响,尤其是巨大的灾变,会有巨大的影响和损失。灾源有两大类:一是自然灾害;二是社会灾害,包括事故、大事故。灾源作用于受灾体过程有3种情况:①硬毁伤:受灾体发生物理、化学变化,物体结构或生物组织受到损坏、功能受到破坏或伤害,即物质造成破坏,人员造成杀伤;②软毁伤:受灾体未发生物理、化学变化而受到的损害或伤害(例如对人和社会造成的伤害和变化、物资配置的变化和
Catastrophe not only can cause economic loss and casualties, but also affect people’s psychology, ecological environment, social mechanism and social development, especially the huge catastrophe, will have a tremendous impact and loss. There are two major sources of disaster sources: one is natural disasters; the other is social disasters, including accidents and accidents. There are three kinds of situations where the disaster source acts on the affected body: ① Hard damage: physical or chemical changes occur to the affected body, the structure of the object or the biological tissue is damaged, the function is damaged or harmed, that is, the material is damaged and killed by the personnel; ② The soft damage : Damage or injury to the affected body without physical or chemical changes (such as injuries and changes to people and society, changes in the distribution of goods and