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[目的]探讨广西不同玉米品种在抽雄期对干旱胁迫及旱后复水的响应,为玉米抗旱机理研究、抗旱品种选育及广西玉米秋播用种选择提供理论依据。[方法]在大棚内采用桶栽法对桂单0810、迪卡008、正大619、琛玉969和桂单901等5个玉米品种在抽雄期进行4、8、12、16和20 d的干旱胁迫处理及相应胁迫时间后的复水处理试验,每个品种均以正常浇水为对照。[结果]干旱胁迫下各玉米品种的冠干重、根干重、次生根数、最长根长和绿叶数均比对照下降,且各指标与对照比值随胁迫时间的延长而下降。复水后,各指标的恢复生长量随胁迫时间的增加而减少;除最长根长在干旱胁迫4 d后复水出现超补偿生长外,其他指标均未产生超补偿效应。桂单0810、迪卡008和正大619在干旱胁迫下各指标的降幅均小于琛玉969和桂单901;复水后,前者的恢复能力又高于后者。桂单0810、迪卡008和正大619的抗旱系数和抗旱指数均高于琛玉969和桂单901,通过抗旱系数的聚类分析,可将5个玉米品种分为两大类,桂单0810、迪卡008和正大619归为抗旱性较强的品种,桂单901和琛玉969归为抗旱性较弱的品种。[结论]桂单0810、迪卡008和正大619在抽雄期受干旱胁迫时根、冠生长所受影响较小,且在复水后能够有效地恢复生长,从而保证较高的生物量及产量,可作为广西秋播玉米抗旱品种推广应用。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the response of different maize varieties in Guangxi at the tasseling stage to drought stress and rewatering after drought, and provide the theoretical basis for the research on the mechanism of drought resistance of maize, breeding of drought-resistant varieties and selection of autumn sowing seeds in Guangxi. [Method] Five maize cultivars including Guidian 0810, Dika 008, Chia Tai 619, Chenyu 969 and Guidan 901 were dug in the greenhouse at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 d during the tasseling stage Stress treatment and rewatering treatment after the corresponding stress time, each variety were normal watering as a control. [Result] The results showed that the dry weight, root dry weight, secondary root number, longest root length and green leaf number of all maize cultivars under drought stress decreased compared with the control, and the ratio of each index to the control decreased with prolonging of stress time. After rewatering, the recovery of each index decreased with the increase of stress time. Except for the longest root length, the super-compensated growth appeared after rehydration for 4 d, but none of the other indexes had a super-compensation effect. Guidian 0810, Dika 008 and Chia Tai 619 under drought stress decreased less than Chen Yu 969 and Gui Dan 901. After rehydration, the former’s recovery ability is higher than the latter. The drought resistance and drought resistance index of Guidian 0810, Dika 008 and Zhengda 619 were both higher than that of Chenyu 969 and Guidan 901. According to the cluster analysis of drought resistance coefficient, five maize varieties could be divided into two categories: Guidan 0810, Di Card 008 and Chia Tai 619 were classified as drought-tolerant cultivars. Gui-wei 901 and Chen-yu 969 were classified as drought-resistant cultivars. [Conclusion] The root and crown growth of Guidan 0810, Dika 008 and Chia Tai 619 were less affected by drought stress during the tasseling stage and were able to resume their growth effectively after rewatering, thus ensuring higher biomass and yield , Can be used as drought-resistant maize varieties popularization and application of Guangxi.