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落叶松是我国北方重要的针叶树种,天然落叶松倒木上生长有种类繁多的多孔菌,它们能够分解倒木中的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,促进森林生态系统的物质循环,同时维持生态系统中的碳平衡,在森林生态系统中发挥重要的生态功能.本文针对我国5种主要落叶松树种上的多孔菌种类,综合分析了该类群的物种组成和分布特征,并对不同树种上的多孔菌种群进行对比分析.结果表明:落叶松上共有多孔菌107种,分属11科43属,其中褐腐真菌种类49种,占到总数的45.4%,是中国已报道褐腐真菌种类的50%.91.7%的多孔菌生长在刚开始腐烂的倒木上.兴安落叶松上的多孔菌不论是种类还是数量均比其他4种落叶松多.兴安落叶松和长白落叶松以及新疆落叶松和西藏落叶松上的多孔菌种群相似度高,这与其林分的天然分布相一致.
Larix is an important conifers species in northern China. There are many kinds of porous bacteria growing on the fallen larch wood. They can decompose the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the fallen wood and promote the material circulation of the forest ecosystem while maintaining the ecological The carbon balance in the system plays an important ecological function in the forest ecosystem.In this paper, the species composition and distribution characteristics of the five species of larch species in China were analyzed, and the species composition and distribution characteristics of the species were also analyzed. The results showed that there are 107 species of polypore on larch, belonging to 11 families and 43 genera, of which 49 are brown rot fungi, accounting for 45.4% of the total, .91.7% of the polysaccharides grow on the decayed fallen wood.The polypores on Larix gmelinii are more or less than the other 4 species of Larix gmelinii, Larix gmelinii and Larix gmelinii and Larix gmelinii, Similar to the polypore population on Larix gmelini, which is consistent with the natural distribution of its stand.