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麻醉药品和精神药品具有精神依赖性和身体依赖性,因此各国针对其进行特殊的管制。本文通过文献调研、专家访谈和政策比较分析,全面梳理了中国2005年《麻醉药品和精神药品管理条例》颁布实施以来的相关立法、部门规章和管理办法的现状,比较分析发现法律法规存在的漏洞、监管体制的繁冗复杂、慢性非癌性疼痛麻醉药品使用规定不能满足临床需要等问题。建议中国应进一步完善立法,加强监管部门间协调合作,建立信息共享网络并完善麻醉药品和精神药品临床合理使用指南等。
Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances are mentally and physically dependent, so countries are subject to special controls. Through literature review, expert interviews and comparative policy analysis, this paper comprehensively reviewed the relevant legislative, departmental rules and administrative measures since the promulgation and implementation of the Regulations on the Administration of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances in 2005 in China, and compared and found the loopholes existed in laws and regulations The cumbersome and complicated regulatory system and the regulations on the use of narcotic drugs for chronic non-cancerous pain can not meet the clinical needs and other issues. It is suggested that China should further improve its legislation, strengthen coordination and cooperation among regulatory authorities, establish an information sharing network and improve the guidelines for the rational use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.