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模型参数化是对地震波传播介质的定量化描述,是地震层析成像研究的重要部分.模型参数化的选择会影响层析成像正演计算和反演过程,如射线追踪的速度和精度、正则化过程以及重建模型的几何形态.本文回顾了上世纪70年代以来地震层析成像研究中采用的模型参数化方法,并依据其分辨率模式将参数化方法分为单一尺度参数化方法和多尺度参数化方法两大类.单一尺度参数化方法是指在每一个节点上只有一个尺度的分辨率,一般在空间域构建,包括常速度块方法、速度节点方法和基于常速度梯度的三角网格方法等.多尺度参数化方法是指在每一个节点上具有多个尺度的分辨率,一般在谱域构建,包括傅里叶阶数方法和小波域方法.本文讨论了不同参数化方法的应用条件及优缺点,探讨了不同模型参数化方法对地震层析成像结果的影响(包括结果的分辨率、可靠性及多解性),并展望模型参数化方法的未来发展方向.
Model parameterization is a quantitative description of seismic wave propagation media and is an important part of seismic tomography research.The choice of model parameters will affect the tomography forward calculation and inversion processes such as ray tracing speed and accuracy, The process of reconstruction and the geometry of the reconstruction model.This paper reviews the model parameterization methods used in seismic tomography since the 1970s and divides the parameterization methods into single-scale parameterization methods and multi-scale Parameterization method.The single-scale parameterization method refers to the resolution of only one scale at each node, and is generally constructed in the space domain, including the method of the constant velocity block, the method of the velocity node and the triangular mesh based on the constant velocity gradient Method, etc. The multi-scale parameterization method refers to the resolution of multiple scales at each node, which is generally constructed in the spectral domain, including the Fourier order method and the wavelet domain method.In this paper, the application of different parameterization methods Conditions and their advantages and disadvantages, the effects of different model parameterization methods on the results of seismic tomography (including the resolution and reliability of the results And multi-solution), and look forward to the future direction of the model parameterization method.