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19世纪中叶以来,社会科学哲学中形成两条相对立的路线:一条主张社会科学旨在说明社会的客观规律;另一条主张社会科学旨在对社会规范和价值观念的意义的理解。这两条路线分别影响了涂尔干、韦伯等社会学家的研究取向,也导致随后的社会学家重新考虑它们的功过和寻求一种综合性的解决方案。哈贝马斯从交往理性行为理论出发寻求它们的综合。从马克思的历史理论的实践维度看“理解”与“解释”的整合,反思这些社会科学研究方法的优缺点,有助于我们加深理解社会主义的核心价值观及其在社会主义建设中的不可或缺的作用。
Since the middle of the 19th century, there have been two opposing lines in the philosophy of social science: one advocating that social science aims to illustrate the objective laws of society; and the other advocating that social sciences aim to understand the meaning of social norms and values. These two lines respectively influenced the research orientation of sociologists such as Durkheim and Weber and also led later sociologists to reconsider their merits and seek a comprehensive solution. Habermas started from the theory of intercourse rational behavior to seek their synthesis. From the practical dimension of Marxist historical theory, the integration of “understanding ” with “explanation ” reflects the advantages and disadvantages of these social science research methods, which helps us to deepen the understanding of the core values of socialism and their contribution to the socialist construction In the indispensable role.