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关于投掷类学生的疲劳消除以及相关的营养问题,很多身为体育教师的人都很关注。以下是笔者平时工作中积累的一些经验总结,在这里跟大家一起交流讨论一下。投掷类项目主要包括铅球、铁饼、标枪和链球等,基本都是非周期性运动,要求运动员有较大的力量和较好的爆发力。力量是速度的基础,因此增加肌肉力量是取得好成绩的关键同时由于其运动时间短,主要以肌肉的无氧供能为主,所以力量训练的目的是要让运动员获得很强的 ATP-CP(决定爆发力)及糖酵解供能能力。由于投掷运动员在训练时强度较大,很容易造成肌肉细胞膜的损伤,运动员会出现肌肉酸痛、疲劳感明显等症状。为了尽可能减缓运动过程中疲劳的产生,促进运动后疲劳消除,最大程度减轻肌肉酸痛等症状,除了要科学安排训练计划外,还需要从营养入手,分别在训练前、中、后三个阶段,尤其是训练后加强营养补充,保证训练的持续顺利进行。
Many people as physical education teachers are concerned about the elimination of fatigue from throwing students and related nutritional problems. The following is the author usually accumulated some experience in the work, where to share with you to discuss. Throwing projects include shot put, discus, javelin and hammer and so on, are basically non-cyclical movement, requiring athletes have greater strength and better explosive power. Strength is the basis of speed, so to increase muscle strength is the key to good results. At the same time, because of its short exercise time, mainly based on muscle oxygen-free energy, so the purpose of strength training is to make athletes get a strong ATP-CP (Decided to explosive) and glycolysis capacity. As throwing athletes in training intensity, it is easy to cause muscle cell membrane damage, athletes will have muscle soreness, fatigue and other obvious symptoms. In order to minimize fatigue during exercise, to promote the elimination of fatigue after exercise, to minimize muscle soreness and other symptoms, in addition to scientific training programs, but also from the nutrition, respectively, before, during and after the three stages , Especially after training to strengthen nutritional supplements to ensure the smooth and continuous training.