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马克思认为人们走向自由解放的历程,实质上就是摆脱时间的统治从而获得时间的解放,最终走向自由的历程,这一点只有从资本逻辑的视阈中进行分析才能揭示出来。具体而言,资本的时间统治是通过以下两个方面体现的:首先是在生产领域,社会必要劳动时间通过“进步强制”规律迫使个人服从资本的增值要求,从而生产时间表现为一个强迫性的规范;其次是在消费领域,资本通过一系列的意识形态手法将个人的休闲性时间转化为资本的生产性时间,从而消费时间表现为一个资本化的场域。然而,按照资本向前运动的矛盾趋势,资本终将为全体社会成员的发展创造出自由时间,这种自由时间的实质是劳动化的休闲时间或休闲化的劳动时间,即“劳动时间”和“休闲时间”的高度融合和高度统一。
Marx believes that people’s journey toward freedom and liberation is essentially to get rid of the rule of time so as to obtain the liberation of time and eventually to the course of freedom, which can only be revealed by the analysis from the perspective of capital logic. Specifically, the time domination of capital is manifested in the following two aspects: first, in the field of production, socially necessary working hours force individuals to obey the value-added requirements of capital through the law of “progressive compulsion”, so that the production time is manifested as a compulsion Sexual norms; followed in the field of consumption, capital through a series of ideological methods will be personal leisure time into capital productive time, so consumption time as a capitalized field. However, in accordance with the contradictory tendency of capital’s forward movement, capital will eventually create free time for the development of all members of the society. The essence of such free time is the labor-based leisure time or the leisure-time, that is, “labor time ”And“ leisure time ”a high degree of integration and high degree of unity.