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中链甘油三酯(MCTs)从1950年开始用于治疗脂肪吸收不良病,此后对MCTs及中链脂肪酸(MCFAs)的代谢和临床应用又有了更多的了解。一、理化性质 MCTs含C6∶0(1～2%)、C 8:0(65～75%)、C 10∶0(25～35%)及C 12∶0(1～2%);MCFAs由椰子油水解分离后得到,可在催化剂的作用下或直接与甘油起酯化作用形成甘油三酯。MCFAs的熔点(C8∶01 6.9℃,C 10∶031.3℃)比长链脂肪酸(LCFAs)(C 16∶063.1℃)低,在室温条件下MCTs或MCFAs为液体。由MCTs的分子量较低,相对易溶于水,在20℃时C 8∶0的溶解度为68mg/100ml而C 16∶0仅0.72 mg/100 ml。MCFAs是弱电解质,在中性条件下离子化程度最强。在生物体内MCFAs的溶解度更大。二、吸收和代谢 1.吸收:MCTs比长链甘油三酯(LCTs)的分子量小,有利于胰脂酶的作用,因而MCTs
Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) have been used since 1950 to treat poor malabsorption of lipids and have gained a better understanding of the metabolic and clinical applications of MCTs and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs). First, the physical and chemical properties of MCTs with C6:0 (1 ~ 2%), C 8: 0 (65 ~ 75%), C 10:0 (25 ~ 35%) and C 12:0 By coconut oil hydrolysis obtained after separation, in the role of the catalyst or directly with glycerol esterification to form triglycerides. MCFAs have a lower melting point (C8:01 6.9 ° C, C 10:031.3 ° C) than long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) (C 16:063.1 ° C) and MCTs or MCFAs are liquid at room temperature. The relatively low molecular weight of MCTs, relatively soluble in water, has a C 8:0 solubility of 68 mg / 100 ml at 20 ° C and only 0.72 mg / 100 ml of C 16:0. MCFAs are weak electrolytes and have the highest degree of ionization under neutral conditions. MCFAs are more soluble in organisms. Second, the absorption and metabolism 1. Absorption: MCTs than long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) molecular weight is conducive to the role of pancreatic lipase, which MCTs