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LTP(长时程动作电位增强,或称长时程增强)是目前神经科学热点课题。各方面研究支持LTP与学习及记忆过程相关。基于其发生机制,LTP可分为NMDA受体依赖性和Mossy fiber LTP两类。前一类由突触后NMDA受体激活,导致钙离子内流,钙浓度升高而引发,后一类则是蛋白激酶A活动引起突触前膜内钙离子浓度升高。结果神经递质释放增强,最终引起LTP。本文概述了脑片技术对LTP研究的贡献,LTP发生与维持的相关因素,以及最新LTP研究的有趣发现。下期继续LTP话题,我们将介绍最近与LTP相关的BDNF(脑组织神经生长因子)及基因遗传学研究。
LTP (potentiation of long-term action potentials, or long-term potentiation) is currently a hot topic of neuroscience. Various studies support LTP related to learning and memory processes. Based on its mechanism, LTP can be divided into NMDA receptor-dependent and Mossy fiber LTP two categories. The former class is activated by postsynaptic NMDA receptors, leading to influx of calcium ions and calcium concentration. The latter type of protein kinase A activity causes the presynaptic membrane calcium concentration to rise. As a result, neurotransmitter release increased, eventually leading to LTP. This article outlines the contribution of brain slice technology to LTP research, the factors associated with the occurrence and maintenance of LTP, and interesting findings from the latest LTP studies. Next LTP topic, we will introduce the recent LTP-related BDNF (brain tissue nerve growth factor) and genetics research.