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青光眼滤过术成功的特征是具有房水流入结膜下空间的通道,导致滤过泡构形成。结膜下的房水可经多种途径排出。滤过泡的失败大多由于成纤维细胞的增生和结膜下组织纤维化。滤过泡失败的危险因素包括年轻人、无晶体、眼前节活动性新生血管形成、炎症、以前失败过的滤过术,可能还有种族因素。近年已介绍了几种手术和药物的治疗方法,以此来增加手术预后差的眼的滤过术成功率。为了解这些方法的合理性,本文总结了青光眼滤过术伤口愈合过程,术后临床和组织病理学特征、影响手术成功的因素以及提高手术成功率的特殊方法。
Glaucoma filtration is characterized by successful passage of aqueous humor into the subconjunctival space, leading to the formation of filtration blisters. Subconjunctival aqueous humor can be discharged in many ways. Filtration bleb failure mostly due to fibroblast proliferation and subconjunctival tissue fibrosis. Risk factors for the failure of the bleb include young people, aphakia, active neovascularization in the anterior segment, inflammation, previously failed filtration surgery, and possibly race. In recent years, several surgical and drug treatments have been introduced to increase the success rate of ophthalmic filtration surgery with poor prognosis. In order to understand the rationality of these methods, this article summarizes the clinical and histopathological features of glaucoma filtration surgery, the factors that influence the success of surgery, and the special methods to improve the success rate of surgery.