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目的了解北京市中小学校学生伤害流行现状,为制定北京市中小学生伤害预防控制政策和措施提供科学依据。方法多级抽取北京市16个区县104所中小学校的17 086名学生,对其在2011年9月1日至2012年8月31日期间发生的伤害病例进行回顾性问卷调查。结果 2011—2012学年中小学校学生伤害发生率为12.87%,其中男生为15.64%,女生为10.19%;小学一至三年级学生为8.24%,小学四至六年级学生为13.11%,初中生为17.28%,高中生为13.32%。在各种伤害类型中,跌落伤发生率最高,为7.36%。伤害病例中发生地点前3位的依次是学校、家中、马路/道路;发生时进行的活动前3位的是行走(28.01%)、体育活动(23.49%)、休闲娱乐(20.78%);受伤部位前3位的是手部/脚部、下肢、头面部。平均每次伤害造成5.03 d休息,1.76 d缺课。结论伤害已经成为影响北京市学生健康的重要问题之一。伤害病例发生在学生学习、生活的各个场所和环节,应开展全方位的学生伤害防控工作。
Objective To understand the prevalence of injury among primary and secondary school students in Beijing and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of policies and measures for prevention and control of primary and secondary school students in Beijing. Methods A total of 17 086 students from 104 primary and secondary schools in 16 districts and counties of Beijing were enrolled in the retrospective questionnaire for the injury cases occurred between September 1, 2011 and August 31, 2012. Results The incidence rate of primary and secondary school students in the 2011-2012 school year was 12.87%, of which 15.64% were for boys and 10.19% for girls; 8.24% were for primary school students in grade one to grade three, 13.11% were for elementary students in grades four to six, and 17.28% High school students were 13.32%. In all types of injuries, the highest incidence of falls was 7.36%. The top three places in the injury cases were schools, homes, roads and roads; the top three activities were walking (28.01%), sports activities (23.49%), recreation (20.78%), injuries The first three places are hands / feet, lower extremities, head and face. An average of 5.03 d of rest for each damage, absent from 1.76 d. Conclusion Injury has become one of the important issues that affect the health of students in Beijing. Injury cases occurred in students learning, living in various places and links, should carry out a full range of student injury prevention and control work.