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AIM: To evaluate the role of angiotensin Ⅱ receptor 1 antisense oligodexynucleotides (AT1R-AS-ODNs) on physiological and pathophysiological growth of cardiomyocytes from normotensive rats. METHODS: Cardiomyocytes were transfected with AT1R-AS-ODNs (200 nmol/L) followed by treatment with or without angiotensin Ⅱ (1 μmol/L).In situ hybridization and Weste blot were used for AT1R mRNA and protein detection, respectively. c-Jun Nterminal protein kinase (JNK) activity was characterized by immune complex kinase assay. c-Jun protein expression was examined by immunocytochemistry. DNA content was detected by flow cytometric assay. Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) expression was identified by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Treatment with AT1R-AS-ODNs for 24 h resulted in 51.2 % decrease in AT1R mRNA and 60.7 % in protein (P＜0.05 vs control). However, the basal level of JNK activity, c-Jun protein expression, and DNA content were not altered by AT1R-AS treatment in absence of overactive hormonal system. After treatment with angiotensin Ⅱ for 30 min, both p46JNK and p54JNK were robustly activated. By 2 h, c-Jun protein expression was increased. By 24 h, angiotensin Ⅱ caused a marked increase both in G0/G1 and G2/M DNA content, and increased ANF expression by 1.8-fold. All these were inhibited by AT1R-AS-ODNs pretreatment. In contrast, sense sequence was ineffective. CONCLUSION: Decrease of AT1R expression by AS-ODNs did not interfere with normal growth, but protected cardiomyocytes from angiotensin Ⅱ-dependent pathophysiological growth.