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Г·科兹洛夫编著的苏联《简明经济学辞典》给通货膨胀所下的定义是:“流通中的纸币过多,超过商品流转的需要,使纸币贬值,结果物价上涨”。通货膨胀现象在世界各国经济中几乎是不可避免的。资本主义国家的剥削阶级为了把国家支出的重担、战争和经济危机的后果转嫁给劳动人民,常常利用通货膨胀。实质上,通货膨胀成了资产阶级国家掠夺劳动人民的一种手段。近二十年来,通货膨胀也困扰着许多东欧国家,特别严重的如波兰、南斯拉夫和匈牙利等国。他们经过去年政治上的急剧风云变幻,也丝毫未能改变严重的通货膨胀状况,引起人民越来越强烈的不满。近来国外学者对大家都极其关注的这一问题,在报刊上发表了许多文章,对通货膨胀现象进行了理论分析、原因探索及其克服途径的研究。现将有关部分论证简要综述如下。
Г Kozlov’s definition of the definition of inflation by the Concise Economics Dictionary of the Soviet Union is: “There are too many notes in circulation that exceed the need for the circulation of commodities, depreciating the notes and resulting in an increase in prices.” Inflation is almost inevitable in the economies of various countries in the world. The exploiting classes in the capitalist countries often use inflation in order to pass on the burden of state expenditure, the consequences of the war and the economic crisis on the working people. In essence, inflation has become a means by which bourgeois countries plunder the working people. In the past 20 years, inflation has plagued many Eastern European countries, especially those in Poland, Yugoslavia and Hungary. After the drastic political changes of last year, they have failed to change the serious inflation situation and aroused the people’s increasingly strong dissatisfaction. Recently, foreign scholars have paid close attention to this issue and published many articles in newspapers and magazines to conduct a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of inflation, and to explore the causes and ways to overcome it. Now a brief summary of some of the arguments below.