论文部分内容阅读
1987—1989年由国家农业部引进“寒地水稻旱育稀植”项目,委托吉林、辽宁和山西三省农科院在不同土壤气候地区试验。本项研究根据不同土壤育秧试验和系统测试结果,从土壤反应和气候生态角度,阐明原技术某些关键技术不适应我国北方土壤气候的机理,研究总结出我国北方不同土壤类型地区旱育秧技术。根据不同土壤气候条件下的田间试验结果,从形态机能入手阐明了旱育稀植壮秆大穗和高度结实的机理,证明旱育稀植水稻具有稳定的高产潜力,并说明亩产量600—650公斤的适宜穗粒结构为:每平方米400穗,每穗90—100粒,结实率85％。比较了不同土壤气候条件下水稻前、后期生育差异利弊,提出我国北方水稻旱育稀植3种技术类型。本项试验研究成果在我国北方地区推广应用较快,各种技术条件下均取得明显的经济效益和社会效益。
From 1987 to 1989, the Ministry of Agriculture introduced the project of “cold paddy cultivation and cultivation of cold land”, and commissioned Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Liaoning and Shanxi provinces to experiment in different soil and climatic regions. In this study, based on the results of different soil seedling raising tests and system tests, from the perspective of soil reaction and climatic ecology, this study illustrates that some key technologies of the original technology do not adapt to the mechanism of soil climate in northern China and concluded the technology of dry-farming seedlings in different soil types in northern China. According to the results of field experiments under different soil and climatic conditions, the mechanism of large spikes and high sturdy stems and sparse stalks was clarified from the morphological functions, which proved that the dry and sparsely planted rice had stable high yield potential and explained the yield per mu 600-650 The suitable spike grain structure for kg is: 400 spikes per square meter, 90-100 spikes per ear, and seed setting rate 85%. The advantages and disadvantages of the difference in fertility before and after rice in different soil and climatic conditions were compared, and three types of rice were planted in the northern part of our country. The results of this pilot project have been popularized and applied rapidly in the northern part of our country and achieved remarkable economic and social benefits under various technical conditions.