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现在普遍认为,过去列为肾小球肾炎的肾小球疾病多数均有免疫机制介入,而肾脏其他一些疾病,从实验模型和人体疾病的观察,亦具有明确的免疫损害。推测或已确定由免疫引起的肾小球疾病这类疾病主要可分二型(表1)。免疫复合体肾小球肾炎免疫复合体肾小球肾炎是指在循环中形成的免疫复合体(抗原抗体复合物)在肾小球内沉积所致的疾病。多种抗原包括异体血清蛋白、病毒抗原和某些自身抗原均可诱发免疫复合体肾小球肾炎。引起循环免疫复合体定位于肾小球的因素不甚了解,一般认为似取决于复合体的物理特性,如大小和溶解度,以及肾小球的滤过机能。
It is now generally accepted that most glomerular diseases, previously classified as glomerulonephritis, have an immune mechanism involved, while other kidney diseases, with experimental models and human disease observations, also have clear immunodeficiency. Speculated or confirmed by immune-induced glomerular diseases These diseases can be divided into two types (Table 1). Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis is a disease caused by deposition of glomerular immune complex (antigen-antibody complex) in the circulation. A variety of antigens, including allogeneic serum proteins, viral antigens and some autoantigens can induce immune complex glomerulonephritis. The factors that cause the circulating immune complex to localize in the glomerulus are poorly understood and are generally thought to depend on the complex’s physical properties such as size and solubility, as well as the glomerular filtration ability.