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面对西方国家的金融危机,凯恩斯主义经济学家提出,恢复经济增长的最佳方法是向经济体系注入新资金。但我们的分析发现,就美国而言,其危机的根源是债务型需求膨胀,即家庭靠借贷消费,政府靠发债扩大支出。与此相对应的是美国供给能力降低,表现为市场竞争能力下降,对劳动力的教育和技能培训不足,导致劳动力素质下降。在经济增长的动力方面,供给的推动力不足,美国政府转而寻求需求的拉动作用。支持这一选择的政治因素是,政客为了取悦选民采取了短视的经济政策,以宽松的信贷政策来保障居民的消费水平,而没有正视并全力解决经济中供给方面的深层次问题。为了解决这些问题,美国必须重视教育和职业技能培训,鼓励创业和创新,并实行适度的金融监管措施。
In the face of the financial crisis in western countries, Keynesian economists have suggested that the best way to restore economic growth is to inject new capital into the economy. However, our analysis found that in the United States, the root cause of the crisis was the expansion of debt-based demand, in which households borrowed money and the government increased their expenditures by issuing bonds. Correspondingly, the reduction in the supply capacity of the United States shows that the market competitiveness is declining, education and skills training for the workforce are inadequate, leading to a decline in the quality of the labor force. As for the impetus of economic growth, the impetus to supply is insufficient and the U.S. government turns to seek the stimulating effect of demand. The political factor behind this choice is that politicians have adopted short-sighted economic policies to please the voters and have adopted a loose credit policy to safeguard the consumption level of their residents without addressing and fully solving the deep-rooted problems of supply in the economy. In order to solve these problems, the United States must attach importance to education and vocational skills training, encourage entrepreneurship and innovation, and implement appropriate financial regulatory measures.