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苯是无色透明、具有芳香气味的液体,易挥发,是常用的有机溶剂和化工原料,亦是农药(二二三,六六六)、医药常用的重要原料。长期接触较高浓度的苯蒸气可以引起慢性苯中毒,主要累及造血系统,严重者可以导致再生障碍性贫血。再生障碍性贫血是一种干细胞病,其特点是红骨髓总容量减少代之以脂肪组织,导致全血细胞减少。苯的毒性作用主要通过其代谢产物——酚类引起。酚类转化物为原浆毒物,即有丝分裂毒物,可抑制核酸合成,影响细胞核分裂,对核分裂最活跃的幼稚细胞更具有明显的毒作用。应用同位素标记检测、放射自显影、脾结节生成技术等现代实验血液学方法,观察
Benzene is a colorless, transparent, fragrant liquid with high volatility. It is commonly used in organic solvents and chemical raw materials. It is also an important raw material commonly used in medicine (233, 666). Long-term exposure to higher concentrations of benzene vapor can cause chronic benzene poisoning, mainly involving the hematopoietic system, severe cases can lead to aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia is a type of stem cell disease characterized by a reduction in the total capacity of red bone marrow instead of adipose tissue, resulting in pancytopenia. The toxic effects of benzene are mainly caused by its metabolites, phenols. Phenolic compounds are plasmapox toxicants, mitotic toxicants, which inhibit the synthesis of nucleic acids and affect the nuclear fission and have obvious toxic effects on the most active mitotic nuclear cells. Application of isotope labeling detection, autoradiography, spleen nodules generation technology and other modern experimental hematology methods, observation