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目的分析绵阳市2015—2016年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的监测结果,为进一步完善AEFI监测工作提供依据。方法收集绵阳市2015—2016年AEFI个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2015—2016年绵阳市共报告AEFI个案1 338例,AEFI发生率为43.08/10万剂。其中无细胞百白破疫苗报告例数最多,共316例,占23.78%。一般反应占88.94%,以发热、红肿、硬结为主;异常反应占8.37%,以过敏性皮疹为主。<1岁组报告数最多,占38.71%。病例主要集中在5—8月。86.17%的AEFI在接种后1 d内发生。48 h内报告率为99.55%,48 h内调查率为99.35%,调查表及时报告率为95.45%。结论绵阳市AEFI监测系统的敏感性有所提高。<1岁年龄组为监测的重点人群,接种后1 d内为监测的重点时间。加强基层人员培训,提高AEFI监测质量,是今后全市AEFI监测的重点工作。
Objective To analyze the surveillance results of suspected AEFI in Mianyang City from 2015 to 2016, and provide evidence for further improvement of AEFI surveillance. Methods The AEFI case data of Mianyang from 2015 to 2016 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 338 AEFI cases were reported in Mianyang City from 2015 to 2016, and the incidence of AEFI was 43.08 / 100,000. One of the largest reported cases of cell-free diphtheria vaccine, a total of 316 cases, accounting for 23.78%. The general reaction accounted for 88.94%, with fever, swelling, induration mainly; abnormal reaction accounted for 8.37%, mainly allergic rash. <1 year old group reported the most, accounting for 38.71%. The cases mainly concentrated in May-August. 86.17% of AEFIs occurred within 1 day after inoculation. The report rate was 99.55% within 48 h and 99.35% within 48 h. The timely report rate of the questionnaire was 95.45%. Conclusion The sensitivity of AEFI monitoring system in Mianyang has been increased. <1-year-old group for the monitoring of key populations within 1 d after vaccination for the monitoring of the priority time. Strengthening the training of grassroots personnel and improving the quality of AEFI monitoring are the key tasks for AEFI monitoring in the city in the future.