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目的分析北京市近5年托幼园所传染病发病趋势,为儿童传染病防控工作提供依据。方法依据2011-2015年北京市托幼园所上报的儿童传染病年报表进行数据分析。结果 2011-2015年北京市发生传染病的园所从73.66%下降到71.45%,城区传染病园所发病率高于郊区;传染病园所暴发率从4.55%降到2.08%,郊区传染病园所暴发率高于城区。发病率排前五位的传染病为手足口病、水痘、猩红热、流行性腮腺炎、急性出血性结膜炎,2011-2015年间这几类传染病发病率均呈下降趋势;2015年手足口病、流行性腮腺炎、急性出血性结膜炎的发病率均为郊区高于城区。结论北京市托幼园所传染病园所发病率和暴发率有所下降,主要传染病发病率呈下降趋势,城区传染病园所发病率高,郊区传染病园所暴发率和儿童传染病发病率高,应根据不同地区的特点做好传染病防控工作。
Objective To analyze the trend of infectious diseases in kindergartens and nurseries in Beijing in recent 5 years and provide the basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in children. Methods Based on the annual reports of childhood infectious diseases reported by the nurseries in Beijing from 2011 to 2015, the data were analyzed. Results In 2011-2015, the number of infectious disease parks in Beijing dropped from 73.66% to 71.45%. The incidence rate of infectious disease parks in urban areas was higher than that in suburbs. The outbreak rate of infectious disease parks was reduced from 4.55% to 2.08% Outbreak rate higher than urban areas. The top five infectious diseases were hand-foot-mouth disease, chickenpox, scarlet fever, mumps and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. The incidence rates of these types of infectious diseases all showed a decreasing trend in 2011-2015. In 2015, hand-foot-mouth disease , Mumps, the incidence of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis are suburbs above the city. Conclusions The incidence rate and outbreak rate of infectious disease park in nursery schools in Beijing have declined. The incidence of major infectious diseases is on the decline. The incidence rate of infectious disease park in urban areas is high. The outbreak rate of infectious disease park in suburban areas and the incidence of childhood infectious diseases High rate should be based on the characteristics of different regions do a good job in infectious disease prevention and control work.