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本文运用BP滤波测度了中国宏观经济周期波动,基于2006-2012年上市公司的面板数据,检验了R&D投资的周期性,结果表明,融资约束较低时,上市公司R&D投资具有逆周期性,而在高融资约束条件下,R&D投入则由逆周期转变为顺周期,这种特征对于宏观经济波动更为明显。而且由于创新动机强劲,以及充分利用股权融资,减少了对债务融资的依赖,高融资约束公司在需求高涨时期创新投入的增加程度,并不低于需求低迷时期投入的减少程度。
In this paper, BP filter is used to measure the volatility of China’s macroeconomic cycles. Based on the panel data of listed companies from 2006 to 2012, the cyclicality of R & D investment is tested. The results show that R & D investment of listed companies is counter-cyclical when financing constraints are low. Under the condition of high financing constraints, R & D investment turns from countercyclical to pro-cyclical, which is more obvious for macroeconomic fluctuations. Moreover, due to the strong innovation motivation and the full use of equity financing, the dependence on debt financing is reduced, and the increase of innovation input by high financing constraints in the period of rising demand is not less than the decrease of the input in the period of sluggish demand.