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熟料瓶、袋栽金针菇在我国已有大面积推广,但用发酵料栽培金针菇在国内还很少见。笔者多年的实践表明,用发酵料箱式栽培金针菇,具有成本低、周期短、管理方便、出菇率较高等优点,经济效益、社会效益显著。本文主要介绍其技术要点。 (一)场地选择及季节安排 选通风较好的房子做栽培室,在菇房里撒少量石灰粉和喷0.5％的敌敌畏杀菌驱虫。栽培季节,根据当地气温,在适宜的头潮出菇期向前推移35～45天。通过试验和资料介绍,我地区金针菇适宜的播种期为9月下旬到12月中旬,苏北地区以10月中上旬最为适宜,苏南地区可适当推迟。 (二)品种的选择 通过对引进的一些菌株的菌丝生长、栽培特性、经济性状等方面的比较试验,结果表明以杂交19号和三明1号产量高品质好。其特点是:菌丝灰白色,生长快,粉孢子少,抗逆性强,出菇整齐,菇盖不易开伞,色泽较浅等特点。 (三)材料的准备 箱栽金针菇的培养料可选用以下配方;①棉子壳95％,石膏1％,糖1.5％,尿素0.5％,石灰2％;②棉子壳77％,麸皮或米糠20％,石膏1％,石
Clinker bottles, bagging Flammulina has a large area in our country to promote, but with fermented material cultivation flammulina is still rare in the country. The author’s many years of practice shows that the cultivation of Flammulina velutipes with fermenting box has the advantages of low cost, short cycle, convenient management and high fruiting rate, and has obvious economic and social benefits. This article mainly introduces its technical points. (A) site selection and seasonal arrangements selected ventilation better house as a cultivation room, in the mushroom house sprinkle a small amount of lime powder and spraying 0.5% dichlorvos deworming. Cultivation season, according to the local temperature, in the appropriate head tide mushroom period forward 35 to 45 days. Through the experiment and data introduction, the suitable seeding period of Flammulina velutipes in our region is from the end of September to the middle of December. The northern Jiangsu area is most suitable in the middle of October and the southern part of Jiangsu Province can be postponed properly. (B) the choice of varieties The introduction of some strains of mycelial growth, cultivation characteristics, economic traits and other aspects of the comparative test showed that hybrid 19 and Sanming 1 high yield good quality. Its characteristics are: gray mycelium, fast growth, less spores, strong resistance, fruiting and tidy, mushroom cover is not easy to open umbrella, lighter color and so on. (C) the preparation of materials Box mushroom planted planting materials can choose the following formula; ① cotton seed hull 95%, 1% gypsum, sugar 1.5%, 0.5% urea, lime 2%; ② cotton seed shell 77%, bran or 20% rice bran, gypsum 1%, stone