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目的了解幼年时卡介苗接种史与成年后结核感染的关系。方法调查某部队院校一次结核疫情中391名患者和接触者的卡介苗接种情况,并对所有人进行结核菌素试验(PPD),采用回顾性队列研究对结果进行分析。结果接种史调查发现,城市学员卡介苗接种率为82.32%,高于农村学员的56.99%,2组差异有统计学意义(χ~2=29.756,P<0.01)。回顾性队列研究发现,有卡瘢组PPD阴性率为29.30%,低于无卡瘢组的44.92%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.9230,P<0.01);有卡瘢组PPD阳性率为49.45%,高于无卡瘢组的38.14%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.24,P<0.05);有卡瘢组和无卡瘢组PPD强阳性率为21.25%和16.95%,差异没有统计学意义;有卡瘢组和无卡瘢组结核患病率为11.36%和9.32%,差异没有统计学意义。结论幼年时卡介苗接种史与成年后结核感染没有明显关联。
Objective To understand the relationship between BCG vaccination history and tuberculosis infection in adulthood. Methods The BCG vaccination of 391 patients and contacts in a TB epidemic in a military academy was investigated. All patients were tested for tuberculin (PPD) by a retrospective cohort study. Results Inoculation history showed that the BCG vaccination rate of urban students was 82.32%, higher than that of rural students (56.99%). There was significant difference between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 29.756, P <0.01). The retrospective cohort study found that the negative rate of PPD in card scar group was 29.30%, which was lower than 44.92% in card-free scar group, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 8.9230, P <0.01) Rate was 49.45%, higher than 38.14% of those without card scar, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 4.24, P <0.05). The positive rates of PPD in card scar and card-free scar were 21.25% and 16.95 %, The difference was not statistically significant; the prevalence of tuberculosis with kappa scar and card-free scar was 11.36% and 9.32%, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion There is no obvious correlation between BCG vaccination history and tuberculosis infection in infancy.