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目的探索开沟沥水工程的灭螺效果和防洪安全性,并探讨最优工程设计方案。方法对开沟沥水工程进行回顾性研究,确定工程发挥效果的指标参考值。以洞庭湖区岳阳市南湖新区堤外洲滩为例,截取与大堤中心线垂直的洲滩横截面进行研究,以FLAC~(3D)软件,按照不同水位的情况,对开沟沥水工程的安全性、有效性进行动态模拟。结果当相对地下水位下降达0.35 m,洲滩土壤含水量相应降低时,开沟沥水工程将发挥灭螺效果。软件动态模拟分析表明,横沟1、纵沟与大堤堤脚应分别保持25 m和13 m以上的安全距离;横沟、纵沟的挖深以1.2 m、1.0 m为宜;当枯水期洲滩宽度在500 m以下时,设置1条横沟即可,宽度超过500 m则应设置间距300 m的2条横沟。结论开沟沥水工程灭螺效果良好。合理设计纵沟、横沟、堤脚之间距离和挖沟深度,可优化工程的效果和安全性。
Objective To explore the snail-killing effect and flood-control safety of ditching and draining works, and to explore the optimal project design. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on the ditching and draining works to determine the reference value for the project to exert its effect. Taking the levee bank in the South Lake New District of Yueyang City in Dongting Lake as an example, the cross-section of the bank beach perpendicular to the center line of the dike was intercepted. Based on FLAC 3D software, the safety, Effectiveness of dynamic simulation. Results When the relative groundwater table descends to 0.35 m and the soil moisture content of the island beach decreases correspondingly, the trenching and draining works will play a snail-killing effect. The software dynamic simulation analysis shows that the safety distance of 25 m and 13 m should be maintained respectively for the lateral groove 1, the longitudinal groove and the embankment dike; the excavation depth of the lateral groove and longitudinal groove should be 1.2 m and 1.0 m; If the width is less than 500 m, one transverse groove can be provided. If the width is more than 500 m, two transverse grooves 300 m apart shall be provided. Conclusion Ditch drainage project snail good effect. Reasonable design of the longitudinal grooves, lateral grooves, the distance between embankments and the depth of trenching can optimize the effect and safety of the project.