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目的分析顺德地区耐药与非耐药肺结核患者的流行病学特征。方法对顺德地区2014年1月-2015年10月符合条件的所有涂阳肺结核706例患者进行问卷调查,包括诊断情况、患者基本信息、本次就诊情况及既往史等逐一进行问卷调查分析,数据录入Excel表格,进行统计学分析。结果在706例研究对象中,肺结核总耐药率为30.88%(218)。在收回的合格问卷700份中,非耐药组483份,耐药组217份。耐药组与非耐药组间的文化程度、就诊是否延迟和合并慢性病情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。耐药组复治患者比例(26.3%)、病变累及肺野≥3个的患者比例(52.5%)、肺部有空洞形成的患者比例(30.4%)均高于非耐药组,而耐药组的首次抗结核治疗完成疗程者比例(65.4%)低于非耐药组(91.9%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 2014-2015年顺德地区肺结核患者的复治率及耐药率较高,加强本地区、尤其是文化程度较低人群的结核病防治知识的宣传力度,让肺结核患者及时就诊,提高首次抗结核治疗完成率,减少复治患者数量,是减少耐药肺结核发生的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of drug resistant and non-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Shunde area. Methods A total of 706 eligible smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients from January 2014 to October 2015 in Shunde were surveyed, including the diagnosis, the basic information of the patients, the current situation and the past history of the patients. The data Enter Excel spreadsheet for statistical analysis. Results Of the 706 study subjects, the overall rate of TB was 30.88% (218). Of the 700 questionnaires returned, 483 were non-resistant and 217 were resistant. There was a significant difference in the educational level, treatment delay and chronic diseases among the drug-resistant and non-drug resistant groups (P <0.05). (26.3%) in the drug-resistant group, the proportion of patients with pathological involvement of lung field≥3 (52.5%) and the percentage of patients with lung-formed cavity (30.4%) were higher than those in non-drug-resistant group The proportion of patients who completed the first anti-TB treatment in the group (65.4%) was lower than that in the non-drug-resistant group (91.9%). The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The relapse rate and drug resistance rate of tuberculosis patients in Shunde region between 2014 and 2015 are high, and publicity of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge in this region, especially those with lower educational level, is strengthened so that tuberculosis patients can get timely treatment and improve the first anti-TB treatment The completion rate and the reduction of the number of patients receiving retreatment are the keys to reducing the occurrence of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.