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目的分析青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治州(以下简称海西州)传染病流行状况,为今后制定传染病防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用流行病学方法对海西州2003-2015年甲乙类传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2003-2015年全州共报告甲乙类传染病15种21 574例,年平均发病率415.54/10万,死亡病种10种47例,死亡率0.91/10万。血液及性传播疾病发病率为127.87/10万~361.63/10万,年平均发病率为229.50/10万,居各类传染病第1位。呼吸道传染病发病率为62.94/10万~142.22/10万,年平均发病率为95.46/10万,居各类传染病第2位。肠道传染病发病率由2003年的129.22/10万降至2015年的20.78/10万,居各类传染病第3位。结论 2003-2015年13年间海西州肠道传染病呈下降趋势且降幅明显,呼吸道传染病和血液及性接触传播疾病则维持较高的发病水平,应继续加强健康教育和防控。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of infectious diseases in Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province (hereinafter referred to as Haixi Prefecture) and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of Class A and B infectious diseases in Haixi from 2003 to 2015. Results A total of 21 574 cases of Class A and B infectious diseases were reported across the state from 2003 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 415.54 / lakh and 47 deaths of 10 species with a mortality rate of 0.91 / lakh. The incidence of blood and sexually transmitted diseases was 127.87 / 100,000 to 361.63 / 100,000, with an annual average incidence of 229.50 / 100,000, ranking No.1 in all kinds of infectious diseases. The incidence of respiratory infectious diseases was 62.94 / lakh to 142.22 / lakh, with an average annual incidence of 95.46 / lakh, ranking the second in all kinds of infectious diseases. The incidence of intestinal infectious diseases dropped from 129.22 / 100,000 in 2003 to 20.78 / 100,000 in 2015, ranking the third among all types of infectious diseases. Conclusions The incidence of intestinal infectious diseases in Haixi Prefecture has been declining significantly during the 13 years from 2003 to 2015. The respiratory infectious diseases and blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases are maintained at a relatively high level. Health education and prevention and control should continue to be strengthened.