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本文主要关注中国和新加坡这两个国家针对新移民政策的设计、执行及其含义,重点在于这两个国家面对全球化新形势下的跨国人口流动所采取的灵活策略。本文分为三部分。第一部分概述新移民及其核心群体——跨国华人的总体特征。第二部分考察了中国政府为主动吸引新移民为国服务而采取的多种政策,并分析了海外华人在面对跨国主义与民族国家这两者相矛盾的逻辑时所做出的反应。第三部分着眼于新加坡政府所采取的将新移民整合到国家建构中的一系列政策。结论部分主张进一步关注民族国家与跨国力量之间的内在互动,而非仅将此看做一种对立的零和博弈。笔者认为,这两者之间实际的、可察觉的共同利益关系与不甚稳定的战略联盟,为学术性分析与政策研究呈现了一个新的领域。
This article focuses on the design, implementation and implications of the new immigration policies for China and Singapore in these two countries, with an emphasis on the flexible tactics adopted by these two countries in the face of transnational migration in the new context of globalization. This article is divided into three parts. The first part summarizes the overall characteristics of new immigrants and their core groups - multinationals. The second part examines various policies adopted by the Chinese government to actively attract new immigrants to serve the country and analyzes the reaction of overseas Chinese in the face of the conflicting logic between transnationalism and the nation-state. The third part looks at a series of policies adopted by the Singapore government to integrate newcomers into the national construction. The conclusion part advocates paying more attention to the internal interaction between the nation-state and the trans-national force, rather than just treating it as an opposite zero-sum game. The author believes that the actual and perceived common interest relations and the less stable strategic alliance between the two show a new field for academic analysis and policy research.